How to buy Bitcoin ETFs in New Zealand [2024]
Retail investors can use exchange-traded funds to gain access to cryptocurrency and start investing in Bitcoin.
This article focuses on how to buy specific securities. However, it is not a recommendation to invest in them and should not be taken as financial advice. Do your own research and make your own decisions, or even consider getting advice from a licensed financial adviser before investing.
What are Bitcoin ETFs?
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has approved 11 spot Bitcoin ETFs to begin trading on U.S stock exchanges. These products will provide investors with access to the underlying asset - Bitcoin.
Spot Bitcoin ETFs intend to track the spot price of Bitcoin, aiming to capture the live price of the cryptocurrency. They can be bought and sold like other types of ETFs on investing platforms. However, the underlying assets of these ETFs, Bitcoins, are not regulated and the usual protections associated with traditional ETFs do not apply to the underlying Bitcoins.
Before this move, retail investors would buy digital coins directly from a crypto exchange or invest in ETFs that traded crypto futures to gain exposure to crypto assets. These ETFs are held in trading accounts alongside other stocks, while the digital currency can be kept in a Bitcoin wallet.
How to buy Bitcoin ETFs in New Zealand
Want to start buying Bitcoin ETFs but not sure how? Learn how to buy Bitcoin ETFs in five simple steps on the Stake stock investing platform below.
1. Find a stock investing platform
To buy Bitcoin ETFs, you'll need to sign up to an investing platform with access to the U.S. stock market. There are several share investing platforms available, of which Stake is one.
2. Fund your account
Complete an application with your personal and financial details. Fund your account with a bank transfer, debit card or even Apple/Google Pay.
3. Search for Bitcoin ETFs
Find the ETF by name or ticker symbol, for example, $HODL or $IBIT. Do your own research to ensure it is the right investment product for your own circumstances.
4. Set your limit order and buy Bitcoin ETFs
Buy on any trading day using a limit order to delay your purchase of the exchange-traded fund until it reaches your desired price. You may wish to look into dollar cost averaging to spread out your risk, which smooths out buying at consistent intervals.
Bitcoin ETFs can be purchased in regular hours, pre-market and after hours. Learn more about extended hours trading.
5. Monitor your investment
Once you own an ETF, you should keep an eye on its performance. Check your portfolio regularly to ensure your investment is aligning with your financial goals.
How do Bitcoin ETFs work?
Buying Bitcoin ETFs is different to investing directly in the cryptocurrency through a crypto exchange.
Spot Bitcoin ETFs aim to provide investors with exposure to the price of the cryptocurrency. The ETF issuer buys the digital coins from other holders or through a cryptocurrency exchange to be stored in a digital wallet.
The ETF is assigned shares that correspond to the number of Bitcoin it holds. Spot Bitcoin ETFs intend to reflect the current market price of the cryptocurrency as closely as possible. They can occasionally rebalance the ETF by buying or selling the digital coins.
There are also derivative-based Bitcoin ETFs available for trading. These use financial instruments, such as futures contracts, to replicate the price of Bitcoin. These give indirect exposure to the price of Bitcoin and do not need to have custody of any Bitcoin.
Futures contracts let investors buy or sell the cryptocurrency for a set price at a date in the future, which can differ from where the price moves in reality. As they have expiration dates, ETF issuers need to continuously reinvest in new contracts, which can result in costs adding up and taking away from the overall returns.
Where can I buy the new Bitcoin ETFs?
Bitcoin ETFs are available for trading on some share trading platforms, one of which is Stake. The following spot Bitcoin ETFs have been made available on our platform to invest in:
- ARK 21Shares ($ARKB)
- Invesco Galaxy Bitcoin ETF ($BTCO)
- Bitwise ($BITB)
- Valkyrie Bitcoin Fund ($BRRR)
- WisdomTree Bitcoin Trust ($BTCW)
- Tidal Commodities Trust I-Hashdex Bitcoin ($DEFI)
- Franklin Bitcoin ETF ($EZBC)
- Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Trust ($FBTC)
- Grayscale Bitcoin Trust ($GBTC)
- VanEck Bitcoin Trust ($HODL)
- iShares Bitcoin Trust ($IBIT)
In the case of the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust ($GBTC), it could already be bought and sold on the OTC market by investors, but the new regulations mean it has changed its structure from a trust to an ETF.
Other ETFs using futures contracts are also available, such as the VanEck Bitcoin Strategy ($XBTF) and the ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF ($BITO). Some of these products magnify the returns of an already volatile asset and should be treated as high risk. They include the 2x Bitcoin Strategy ETF ($BITX) and the ProShares Short Bitcoin Strategy ETF ($BITI).
Options that also provide exposure to other kinds of crypto assets include the following:
- Valkyrie Bitcoin and Ether Strategy ETF ($BTF)
- Simplify Bitcoin Strategy Plus Income ETF ($MAXI)
- Bitwise 10 Crypto Index Fund ($BITW)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Bitcoin ETFs?
It’s important to recognise that Bitcoin, the underlying asset to Bitcoin ETFs itself, is volatile and may not be suitable for each individual’s risk appetite. Below are important things to consider before investing in the new investment product.
There are several advantages to Bitcoin ETFs being made available to investors in New Zealand.
- Retail investors can gain exposure to the Bitcoin price on platforms that don’t specifically offer cryptocurrencies.
- There is no need to make additional trading accounts on cryptocurrency exchanges or set up a crypto wallet. Rather, Bitcoin ETFs can sit alongside other shares in an existing account.
- Allocating some funds to crypto ETFs could provide diversification from other asset classes.
- Investors will have the ability to trade these ETFs through the same processes as others on investing platforms. Exchange-listed ETFs are required to uphold regulations set by exchanges. They may also face disciplinary actions such as being penalised.
Investors should be aware that Bitcoin ETFs also come with a number of risks and don’t fit within everyone’s investment strategy.
- Like any ETF, they come with management fees. Some issuers are discounting fees for a temporary period, but this is not in their long-term plans.
- These ETFs provide exposure to an underlying Bitcoin asset price, which means there is a tracking risk and the ETF might not always reflect the exact price of Bitcoin.
- Most Bitcoin ETFs only contain one asset, whereas ETFs are often associated with diversification due to giving exposure to multiple areas.
- Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies are generally considered to be volatile assets and investors might need to have a high risk tolerance to large and rapid price changes.
Bitcoin ETF FAQs
The share price for the Bitcoin ETFs ranges between $12.47 and $52.39 as of 16 January 2024.
Management fees for the 11 spot ETFs range from 0.20% for Bitwise ($BITB) to 1.50% for the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust ($GBTC). The transaction cost of buying and selling the ETF should also be considered, as well as any FX fees. Learn more here about the cost of trading these assets on Stake.
Investing in a Bitcoin ETF is not the same as owning Bitcoin. Spot Bitcoin ETFs intend to track the spot price of the underlying asset, Bitcoin, and aim to capture the current price of the cryptocurrency. However, the ETFs might still trade at a premium or discount to the actual Bitcoin price.
Buying Bitcoin directly usually occurs through a crypto exchange and the assets are then stored in a digital wallet in an individual’s name. For ETFs, the issuer will buy the digital coins and make an arrangement with a custodian to hold the assets, with the individual investor seeing the ETF alongside other holdings in their account on an investment platform.
The risks and benefits of investing in a Bitcoin ETF vs buying the actual asset are quite different. It’s important to understand how both products operate and line up with your own risk appetite and investing goals. Higher potential rewards tend to come with higher risk levels when investing. This means that certain products can present more downsides than benefits for the average investor.
Whilst the Bitcoin spot ETFs will attempt to track the spot price of Bitcoin, it may be harder to predict how they will influence the price of Bitcoin.
The new ETFs create additional opportunities for frequent traders, a trend that could lead to higher levels of speculation and volatility. Institutional investors no longer need to purchase large volumes of Bitcoin through private funds and trusts. As these investments often required paying a premium, some say the greater levels of access could play a part in pushing down prices of the cryptocurrency.
If the ETFs experience significant inflows of investment, this demand could in turn boost the price of the underlying asset, Bitcoin. The market could also interpret regulatory approval of these products as a sign of validation, which could improve the reputation of Bitcoin among investors.
It’s important to note though that there are many factors that have and will continue to affect the price of Bitcoin beyond these Bitcoin spot ETFs.
This does not constitute financial product advice nor a recommendation to invest in the securities listed. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance. As always, do your own research and consider seeking appropriate financial or taxation advice before investing.
Megan is a markets analyst at Stake, with 7 years of experience in the world of investing and a Master’s degree in Business and Economics from The University of Sydney Business School. Megan has extensive knowledge of the UK markets, working as an analyst at ARCH Emerging Markets - a UK investment advisory platform focused on private equity. Previously she also worked as an analyst at Australian robo advisor Stockspot, where she researched ASX listed equities and helped construct the company's portfolios.
